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1996-10-08
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Notes about the sound drivers
Note: "Mix data not allocated" messages mean that you do NOT have sufficient
(conventional) memory to run the driver.
Be sure to check the driver screen (Shift-F5) of your soundcard!
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Driver Summary
Driver Def/Max Chan. Stereo Bits Mixing Rate/Resolution
MIDI Input available?
GUS, Hardwave 32/32 Yes 16 19->44kHz (A)
Interwave, Hardware 32/32 Yes 16 44kHz, MIDI
Sound Blaster 1.0 64/256 No 8 12kHz->22kHz
Sound Blaster 2.0 64/256 No 8 12kHz->44kHz
Sound Blaster Pro 64/256 Yes 8 6kHz->22kHz (B)
No 8 12kHz->44kHz (B)
Sound Blaster 16 64/256 Yes 16 12kHz->44kHz, MIDI
Sound Blaster AWE 32 30/30 Yes 16 44kHz
Pro Audio Spectrum 64/256 Yes 8 12->44kHz
Pro Audio Spectrum 16 64/256 Yes 16 12->44kHz
PC Speaker 64/256 No 5-7 12->44kHz
DAC on LPT 64/256 No 8 12->44kHz
Disk Writer 256/256 Yes 16 22->64kHz
Notes
A) Depends on number of channels used. The hiquality GUS driver reinitialises
the GUS continually to use as few channels as necessary. Some GUS cards
cannot cope with this, and you will need to use the alternative ITGUSLO.DRV
instead.
B) The mixing rate of the SBPro depends on whether playback is stereo or mono
Drivers with * next to them have NOT been completed...
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Gravis UltraSound, Hardware mixing (ITGUS.DRV)
This file actually contains two drivers in one file. The first is
accessed just by using IT (with no command line parameters, or with
/s4 for Gravis UltraSound). This is equivalent to the original
internal driver that came with previous versions of Impulse Tracker.
The second driver is selected by providing the correct IRQ for the
GF1 chip. (The second-to-last number of your ULTRASND environment
variable). This is an IRQ driven routine, which means that it'll
work in the background of Windows '95. But note that the timing for
this is NOT as accurate as the timing in the first driver. There is
also a possibility that multitasking OSs can sometimes (although
rarely) cause some settings to the GUS to be missed (which will cause
a note to play unexpectedly). This can be fixed just by restarting
playback. There is NO check for the correctness of the IRQ provided.
The Gravis UltraSound *CANNOT* cope with 16-bit samples greater than
256k-bytes. This is equivalent to 128k-length samples. Also, 16-bit
samples cannot cross 256k boundaries on the GUS, meaning that the
amount of memory you have on the card may decrease by more than you
expect when you load a 16-bit sample.
You cannot choose the mixing rate for the GUS - the mixing rate is
dependent on the number of channels playing. This driver continuously
reinitialises the GUS to use as few channels as possible. You can
further restrict the number of channels used with /Lxx on the command
line of Impulse Tracker.
Gravis UltraSound 2, Hardware mixing (ITGUS2.DRV)
If the first Gravis UltraSound driver clicks continuously when nothing
is supposed to be playing, use this driver ("IT /sITGUS2.DRV").
This driver file also contains two drivers - check above on how to
access the second driver.
Gravis UltraSound Lo-freq, Hardware mixing (ITGUSLO.DRV)
Only use this driver if notes do *NOT* finish playing off correctly
on your GUS. ("IT /sITGUSLO.DRV" or copy ITGUSLO.DRV over ITGUS.DRV)
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
InterWave Driver - Hardware mixing (ITIW.DRV)
(This includes GUS PnP, GUS PnP Pro, WavExtreme 32 Pro + more)
You *NEED* to have RAM onboard your soundcard to use this driver,
otherwise your Interwave card will NOT be detected.
This file actually contains two drivers in one file. The first is
accessed just by using IT (with no command line parameters, or with
/s6 for AMD Interwave IC). This is similar to the original internal
GUS driver that came with previous versions of Impulse Tracker.
The second driver is selected by providing the correct IRQ for the
Interwave chip. (This is the value given in Windows'95/settings/
control panel/system/Interwave SYNTH/IRQ). This is an IRQ driven
routine, which means that it'll work in the background of Windows '95.
But note that the timing for this is NOT as accurate as the timing in
the first driver. There is also a possibility that multitasking OSs
can sometimes (although rarely) cause some settings to the GUS to be
missed (which will cause a note to play unexpectedly). This can be
fixed just by restarting playback (or reinitialising in severe cases).
There is NO check for the correctness of the IRQ provided.
The Interwave driver contains handlers for two different memory modes
on the Interwave - the more memory efficient mode is where the amount
of ram is directly compatible with the interwave, the second is where
the DRAM configuration is NOT directly compatible with the interwave
and the driver has to handle the RAM slightly more explicitly, which
causes the loss of memory-usage efficiency.
Here are the modes directly compatible with the interwave:
Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 3 Total
256Kb 0 0 0 256Kb
256Kb 256Kb 0 0 512Kb
256Kb 256Kb 256Kb 256Kb 1MB
256Kb 1MB 0 0 1.25MB
256Kb 1MB 1MB 1MB 3.25MB
256Kb 256Kb 1MB 0 1.5MB
256Kb 256Kb 1MB 1MB 2.5MB
1MB 0 0 0 1MB
1MB 1MB 0 0 2MB
1MB 1MB 1MB 1MB 4MB
4MB 0 0 0 4MB
* 4MB 4MB 0 0 8MB
* 4MB 4MB 4MB 4MB 16MB
* These modes cannot be handled by the first driver, so are actually
handled in the second mode.
The mixing rate for the Interwave driver is fixed at 44100Hz
(CD quality)
Bug warning: If the sound does NOT play properly, you may need to
run IWINIT before running Impulse Tracker
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Sound Blaster 1.0 driver (ITSB.DRV)
The Sound Blaster has a mixing range of 12000->21739 Hz. You CANNOT
hear any stereo (or surround) effects with this driver, because the
Sound Blaster does NOT support stereo.
Hardware detection routines are used for Address (eg. 220h),
environment is checked for IRQ and DMA.
Command line arguments for IRQ and DMA are NOT checked but assumed
correct IF this driver is explicitly selected
(IT /s1 or IT /sITSB.DRV).
Sound Blaster 2.0 driver (ITSB2.DRV)
The Sound Blaster 2 driver is basically the same as the Pro driver
with stereo options removed... (ie SB2 cannot do stereo). The
mixing range is from 12000 to 43478 Hz.
Hardware detection routines are used for Address (eg. 220h),
environment is checked for IRQ and DMA.
Command line arguments for IRQ and DMA are NOT checked but assumed
correct IF this driver is explicitly selected (IT /sITSB2.DRV).
Sound Blaster Pro driver (ITSBPRO.DRV)
The Sound Blaster Pro has a mixing range of 12000->43478 in mono mode,
or 6000->21739 in stereo mode.
Hardware detection routines are used for Address (eg. 220h),
environment is checked for IRQ and DMA.
Command line arguments for IRQ and DMA are NOT checked but assumed
correct IF this driver is explicitly selected
(IT /s2 or IT /sITSBPRO.DRV).
Sound Blaster 16 driver (ITSB16.DRV, ITSB16B.DRV)
The Sound Blaster 16 has a mixing range of 12000->45454 in either mono
or stereo modes.
If you specify this driver ( IT /s3 or IT /sITSB16.DRV ) AND an IRQ
or DMA, IT will try to *FORCE* the SB16 to use the IRQ/DMA.
eg. On my system, I have my SB16 configured to IRQ 2, DMA 5, but I
can force it to use IRQ 7, DMA 0 with IT /s3 /i7 /d0
Hardware detection routines are used for all Address, IRQ and DMA.
Note: If you select either of the 32-bit mixing modes, then volumes
between 0->32768 are used internally instead of 0->128.
The second driver, ITSB16B.DRV is a cut down version of the main
driver which does NOT have the mixing options - the main benefit of
this is that it requires less memory. To use this, type:
"IT /sITSB16B.DRV". If you want to have this file automatically used
just copy it over ITSB16.DRV.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Sound Blaster AWE 32 driver (ITAWE32.DRV)
The Sound Blaster AWE 32 driver directly uses the EMU8000 synth chip.
This synth chip has several limitations which you should be aware of:
∙ It can only use 16-bit samples.
8 bit samples are automatically converted by IT (so that's not a
problem), but your free memory may decrease by double of what you
expect. (eg. you will need at least 1MB of memory to load 512k
of 8 bit samples)
∙ It doesn't support ping pong loops or no loops.
IT will automatically expand ping pong loops and will pad non-looped
samples with silence, but this makes sample sustain loops impossible
to implement fully. It also means that ping pong looped samples
could take up to double the memory of forwards looped samples.
Sustain loops will NOT operate on the AWE32 driver. Instead, they
will be treated as NORMAL loops.
If you change the loop type from none->forwards or
forwards->ping pong or ping pong->none, you WILL need to reload
the samples each time (Ctrl-G). If you change the loop points on
a sample, you will have to reload the samples (Ctrl-G)
∙ Has a limited frequency range - from the programming information,
it seems that it is impossible to play a note at above 176kHz.
This equates to any notes 2 octaves above middle C (or higher) for
a sample at 44kHz. This should not cause problems for *MOST* people,
but if you have some notes that won't play, this may be the reason.
Note: The Address used for the SB AWE 32 is the address of the EMU8000,
NOT the address of your SB. (eg. for command line params)
Note: This driver is NOT used as a default, as many users would benefit
more from the SB16 driver. (I recommend having at least 2MB
of memory if you want to use this driver). IT /s7 to use this
if you DO have an AWE32
Note: This driver can operate in Win95. In this mode, it uses a
different mechanism which allows the playing of music in the
background, but timing is *NOT* as accurate here (accurate to
around 100 milli seconds as opposed to 800 nano seconds per
tick)
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
PC Speaker (ITPCSPKR.DRV)
Nothing much else to say here, except... GET A SOUND CARD! :)
Note: On the info page, using the 'variables' display WILL distort
PC Speaker output. Also, it has been found that the Info Page
screens and the Pattern Editor cause a noticeably higher amount
of hiss through the speaker.
Note: This driver will *NOT* necessarily work on laptop's
piezo-electric speakers.
Note: No driver screen available.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Pro Audio Spectrum (ITPAS.DRV)
Pro Audio Spectrum 16 (ITPAS16.DRV)
BIG thanks to Pelusa for VITAL programming information for this!!
BIG thanks to MZ/PoP for lending me a PAS16 to stuff around with!!
Note: These drivers will *NOT* work in the background of Win95,
although they will work fine in the foreground.
Note: You NEED to have the MVSOUND.SYS driver installed for these
to operate.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
DAC on LPT 1/2 Drivers
These drivers are almost exactly the same as the PC speaker drivers,
with only minor modifications.
To use these, run IT /sITLPT1.DRV or IT /sITLPT2.DRV - depending on
which LPT you have your DAC plugged into.
Note: No driver screen available.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Disk Writer
The ITWAV.DRV included with distribution IT is a mono-only
example device.
The full ITWAV.DRV file which *IS* capable of stereo output
is NOT available for public distribution. Contact me if you
wish to obtain this - it will NOT be made available without
some sort of (monetary) agreement.
Details
■ 16 bit Stereo/Mono output
■ 22kHz to 64kHz output frequency
■ 16 bit interpolation (65536x 'oversampling')
■ 32 bit mixing
■ Software volume ramping (set at 500th of a second or less)
The disk writer also uses volumes ranging between 0 and 32768
instead of the standard 0 to 128.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────